The main components of scanning electron microscope are electron optics system, signal collection and processing system, vacuum system, image processing display and recording system, power system and computer control system. The core part is the electron optical system, which is mainly composed of electron gun, electromagnetic condenser, diaphragm, scanning system, astigator, objective lens and various centering coils.

           Reposal? winding machine As a professional supplier of precision winding solutions, we focus on the electromagnetic condenser, objective and astigmatic, because the main components are enamoured wire windings, and the precision and consistency of the windings are highly related to the image quality of the scanning electron microscope.

          Electromagnetic lens coil.

           The electromagnetic lens is mainly used to restrain the electron beam and it can be regarded as a convex lens in optics. Because the electron beam in a rotating symmetric magnetic field will be subjected to the Lorentz force, resulting in a focusing effect. Therefore, the quality of the enamelled wire winding coil that can generate this rotationally symmetric rather than uniform magnetic field and make the electron beam focus imaging is very important.

           The enamelled wire winding coil in the magnetic lens, when the current passes through the coil, the pole shoe is magnetized, and a magnetic field is established in the heart cavity, producing a focusing effect on the electron beam. There are two kinds of enamelled wire winding in the magnetic lens, namely, the enamelled wire winding of the condenser and the enamelled wire winding of the objective lens. The lens near the electron gun is the enamelled wire winding of the condenser, while the one near the sample is the enamelled wire winding of the objective lens. General condenser is the high excitation lens enamelled wire winding, high excitation lens enamelled wire winding has many turns, a cylindrical multi-layer arrangement, requires good rotation symmetry

       In power transmission and power supply systems such as power plants and substations, voltage transformers are an indispensable electrical appliance. The voltage transformer for measurement specifies the accuracy level of the voltage transformer according to the error generated when the voltage is changed. Voltage transformers of level 0. 2 and above are generally called precision voltage transformers, which are mainly used in the laboratory to expand the measurement limit with the standard meter for precise measurement of voltage, power and electrical energy; or as a standard to check low standards, Low-accuracy voltage transformer; it can also be used with standard meters to test the corresponding meters.

       With the rapid development of science and technology and electronic application technology, the requirements for technical indicators such as the rated primary voltage and accuracy of voltage transformers are getting higher and higher, and the demand for various types of voltage transformers is increasing. In the past, voltage transformers were mostly manually wound with annular iron cores and thick enameled wires. The products were large and heavy. In the daily winding, processing and production process, the degree of mechanization was not high, the labor intensity of workers was high, and the production efficiency was low. It is necessary to improve the voltage transformer design process and develop a new type of mechanical equipment for winding the voltage transformer.

             Your factory is using a traditional winding machine, your wire machine structure is reasonable, high mechanical accuracy, the motor is also used a big brand of motor, but in the winding of precision coils, there will be a high defect rate, you carefully analyze before improving various factors - equipment structure, processing accuracy, tooling accuracy, skeleton accuracy, enamel wire quality, tension control, etc. But it still doesn't solve the problem. But to tell you that it's not just a hardware problem, but an algorithm problem, may surprise you. Because in your opinion, every time the spool is transferred, the spool has a corresponding response, but in fact, you may not have considered that in the winding process of the precision coil, the wire guide pin is connected at both ends of the coil, and the sudden change in speed may cause the coil to cross the line and be raised. These defects can degrade the performance of the coil.

            To solve this problem, we propose an acceleration and deceleration method based on 5-segment S-curve. The algorithm uses linear acceleration or deceleration at the end and end of the line motion control to help reduce coil defects. We first verify the feasibility of the algorithm by using ADAMS software. The software simulates the motion of the precision winding coil and obtains the velocity curve and displacement curve during the motion. Later, the experimental results show that the method of adopting S-curve in the alignment speed control can reduce the coil defect by up to 50%. This shows that the 5-section S-curve motion control algorithm is a promising method to improve the precision and efficiency of the winding process of electric precision coils. By using this algorithm, coil manufacturers can reduce the risk of coil defects and improve coil performance.

            Winding machine is a special production equipment for precision winding coils. They can be divided into stator winding machine, flying fork winding machine, ring winding machine and flat winding machine according to the working mode and object. Different types of equipment are suitable for the production of different objects. For example, the stator winding machine is mainly used to produce motor stator coils, while the parallel winding machine is used to produce electromagnetic switching coils.

            Ordinary algorithm of parallel winding machine in the production of precision winding coil products, although our mechanical structure, parts processing accuracy has been done very well, but often there is a problem of low wiring accuracy. In the process of winding a line coil, there are two main movements, one is the rotating movement of the skeleton, which is called winding movement, and the other is the translation movement of the guide needle, which is called wiring movement, and wiring transport is matched with winding movement. After years of technical accumulation, we analyze that the leading role in the alignment accuracy is the alignment movement of the guide needle. Therefore, if you want to improve the alignment accuracy of the coil, you need to optimize the alignment movement of the guide pin.

            In fact, we have always believed that the winding machine is equivalent to the lathe in the electrical industry, its importance is self-evident, so for its accuracy, there have been many experts and scholars to study this.

            Some people studied the mathematical model of precise alignment based on axial pressure compensation around the axis in the process of alignment. The axial pressure was used to improve the alignment regularity of the coil, and the mathematical model was established according to the analysis of the end point of the coil alignment, which improved the alignment accuracy of the coil.

            Some people use the 5-section S-curve control algorithm and the 7-section S-curve control algorithm respectively in the research. In motion control, the 7-section S-curve is more complicated than the 5-section S-curve control. This method has achieved more results in the field of CNC machining, but it is not mature in the field of winding machine.

            The tension instability caused by the friction between the enamelled wire and the conductor nozzle during coil winding has been studied, which leads to the uneven wiring of the coil and the breakage of the enamelled wire.

            Some people have studied the low efficiency of the winding machine in the traditional winding control because of the inertia error in the process of the winding machine. Instead, the servo motion wiring and the inertia error supplement are used to improve the control efficiency of the winding machine.

            PLC control is commonly used in the winding machine wiring control system, through PLC control servo motor can realize the winding machine wiring control, both PLC control stability and high precision servo motor advantages. However, there is a sudden impact of guide pin speed in the coil alignment of parallel winding machine, so it is necessary to further optimize the change of guide pin running speed to improve product quality and the smoothness of wire alignment speed. The S-curve algorithm is a kind of smooth transition of speed in the process of motion, which is often used in machining to solve the problem of breaking the tool caused by speed impact and improve the precision of machining products. In the winding machine, the speed of the guide needle can be changed into an arc smooth transition by controlling the movement track of the guide needle, improving the alignment accuracy and product quality.

            To sum up, an algorithm based on 5-segment S-curve motion control is proposed to solve the problem of velocity shock in the process of coil alignment by analyzing the law of coil alignment. ADAMS software is used to simulate the trajectory of the guide pin to verify the feasibility of the algorithm. And the application of the example proves that the 5-section S-shaped curve can effectively solve the phenomenon of crossing and protruding in the process of winding, and improve the precision of winding.

            Coil wiring principle

            The winding method is flat winding, that is, the enameled wire moves synchronously with the guide pin and always keeps perpendicular to the skeleton during winding. The frame is driven by the winding motor with the guide needle movement, the enameled wire is wound on the skeleton, in which the guide needle is located in the wiring arrangement mechanism and the winding mechanism are two independent mechanisms. The winding mechanism is divided into three stages according to the motion process of the guide pin, namely acceleration and deceleration stage, uniform speed stage and end point return stage. The acceleration and deceleration stage can be divided into two parts: acceleration stage and deceleration stage. In the early stage of the alignment movement, the guide pin speed from zero to uniform speed belongs to the acceleration stage. At the end of the alignment movement, the process of decelerating until the speed reaches zero is a deceleration stage. The middle constant velocity stage is the constant velocity motion stage of the guiding needle. The terminal reentry stage is a process in which the guide needle accelerates backward again after slowing down and stopping. Here we explain:

            Acceleration and deceleration stage

            In order to arrange the lines evenly, the two movements of guide pin movement and skeleton rotation should meet certain coordination relations during acceleration and deceleration stage. The time for the guide needle to move one diametral width distance must be equal to the time for the skeleton to rotate once, that is, the guide needle to move just one diametral distance when the skeleton rotates once.

                   Detailed explanation of the operation instructions of the transformer winding machine

       Transformer winding machine is a special winding equipment for winding enameled coils of transformers. During the winding process of enameled coils of transformers, winding enameled wire equipment is divided according to the specifications of the transformer. Enameled wire winding machine and foil enameled coil winding machine; there are vertical winding machines and horizontal winding machines for winding enameled coils of large power transformers.

     1. Structural characteristics of transformer winding machine:

      1. The mechanical transmission part of the winding machine is located inside the headboard, and the electrical part is installed on the top of the headboard. The three-phase asynchronous motor is driven by the frequency converter to realize the linear change of the spindle speed.

      2. The winding machine adopts stepless speed regulation, and the controller outputs 0-10V analog voltage, which is connected to the inverter. By means of percentage, there are a total of 100 gears, which can be counted accurately, and can also be counted in reverse to automatically stop.

      3. The winding machine can count reversibly, and is equipped with an electromagnetic brake device to prevent reversing when winding the enameled wire to stop, and ensure that the automatic counting will not produce errors. If you need to manually reverse, you can manually press the brake button to release, and the manual rotation can also count.

      This article introduces the test of designing tension control system to minimize the change of tension. Perform theoretical analysis on simulation. The simulation results show that the tension of the enameled wire is frequently fluctuated due to the length change caused by the speed change. The model's tension sensor verifies the prediction. The key to successful design is to eliminate changes in tension. We added a tension system that includes a high-speed cylinder to replace the traditional wool felt and spring mechanism. The simulation results showed that the new prototype system almost doubled the winding speed and the ability to withstand tension fluctuations.

Keywords: tension control, winding machine, rectangular coil, precision winding machine.

One. introduction

      Countless transformers are produced every year. Together with power plants, substations and power lines, distribution transformers provide electricity for businesses and residential buildings across the country. Transformer manufacturing involves the production of winding coils. These coils are usually made of an insulating paper layer sandwiched between a pair of copper wires. They are usually round or rectangular.

      A consistent tension must be maintained on the coil windings. The shape of the coil has a major influence on the tension applied by the tension. For a circular coil, the tension does not change significantly, but a rectangular coil is different. As a rectangular coil, the tension changes sharply with the position of the drop point. As shown in the figure, this change in speed is caused by the changing length of the line. In the case of a round coil, this is not a problem, because the contact points of the wires on the coil are fixed.

      Research and development of horseshoe hollow cup motor coil and winding machine

 In recent years, China has paid more and more attention to hollow cup motor and automatic winding technology, and has made good progress and breakthroughs in the research and development and manufacturing of winding machine equipment.

One of the key reasons for the impact on the performance of the motor is the rotor coil in the motor, the rotor in the hollow cup motor has no iron core, small inertia, excellent functionality and a wide range of applications. In addition, in the research and development of coil winding equipment, the saddle-shaped coil arrangement is regular, and the utilization efficiency of magnets is high.

Compared with the old traditional motor with an iron core, the energy conversion efficiency is significantly higher than the latter, and the reaction speed will be much faster, and the hollow cup motor has high efficiency, fast response speed and stable performance. Because the hollow cup motor has no lag, additional electromagnetic interference is low, very high motor speed can be achieved, and the speed setting is sensitive at high speed, so it has relatively stable and stable performance. In addition, the energy density of the hollow cup motor is much greater than that of other motors, and the weight will be much less than that of an iron core motor with the same power.

Now according to the forming method of the coil, in the hollow cup motor coil, its production technology can be roughly divided into two process routes: winding production technology and one molding production technology.

Compared with the two methods, the first winding production technology is more complex, and the efficiency of winding the coil is relatively low. In order to improve the winding efficiency of coil production, the winding machine can be added to the production process of one molding. According to the hollow cup coil shape and winding method, the common hollow cup winding method can be divided into three kinds of parallel straight winding, saddle winding and oblique winding. The first parallel straight winding is generally used for hollow cup motor winding with relatively few turns. The last two are the two coil winding processes commonly used by the relatively advanced hollow cup motor manufacturers abroad.